EXPO 2025 Special Page

Microalgae

Why Microalgae

An era when Sustainable Industrial Behavior becomes the Norm

Currently, more than 120 countries and regions have pledged to achieve carbon neutrality by 2050, and businesses have to rapidly adjust to such new norms thus resulting in the implementation of new environmental practices to achieve their SDG targets.
In order to change current business practices to adapt to the environmental requirements, companies must now pivot their business activities drastically to contribute to the realization of a sustainable economy.

A Process indispensable for future business activities
[PHOTOSYNTHESIS]

To realize a sustainable society where all human beings can lead enriching lives, we must overcome our dependence on finite fossil resources and reinvent our social practices.
The most promising resource is the utilization of solar energy that steadily reaches the earth. Ultimately, solar energy is the one and only infinite energy source we have (*).

*Fossil fuels such as petroleum and natural gas are transformed from organic matter produced by photosynthesis millions of years ago.

Human energy balance

(Unit: Zeta Joule * / year) * 10 to the 21st joule

So how should we utilize this solar energy?
In recent years, the focus of environmentally sustainable industries has been on initiatives such as solar power generation, wind power generation, and geothermal power generation. However, only electricity can be produced from these processes. In other words, these processes are not able to produce various "substances" such as plastics which are currently made from fossil fuels.
On the other hand, photosynthesis is the only process that can efficiently store solar energy to produce various "substances" and used to produce various goods we use every day, including fuels, plastics, foods, cosmetics, and pharmaceuticals.
Photosynthesis by algae is the most promising way to produce substances using solar energy.

Photosynthesis is the only process that can produce substances

Why Algae are the Key to Photosynthesis Utilization
3 Reasons

01Highest efficiency of substance production utilizing photosynthesis
Compared to terrestrial plants, the ability of algae to produce biomass is higher due to its overwhelming efficiency.
  • Oil yield: more than double that of palm, which has the highest oil production efficiency out of all terrestrial plants.
  • Protein yield: more than 16 times higher than soybeans, which is considered to have the highest protein productivity within agriculture.
From these facts, it is apparent that utilization of algae will play a crucial role in the stable supply of biomass, which will be the foundation in producing various products from non-petroleum resources.

* Biomass: Organic resources derived from animals and plants (excluding fossil fuels such as petroleum)

more than double that of palm
more than 16 times higher than soybeans
02Can be produced with minimal amounts of water

It is often thought that algae culture requires vast amounts of water, but in fact, it can be cultivated with much less water than agriculture and livestock. This is because with agriculture, most of the water sprayed on the fields evaporates or penetrates underground, whereas with algae culture, water only evaporates from the surface thus minimizing loss.
Finite freshwater resources have become a global environmental issue so algae that can be cultivated with a minimal amount of freshwater can be considered as a key element to mitigate this challenge and provide a way forward for environmentally sustainable businesses in the coming era.

Amount of water required to
produce 1kg of protein

03Production of algae does not require arable land
As long as there is water and light, algae can be cultivated anywhere, even on land which is not suitable for agriculture use such as deserts and wastelands. In fact, algae is being commercially produced on a large-scale today, in desert areas, lava plateaus, and even salt pans. As food shortage becomes a global challenge, this characteristic of algae is valuable as this means that algae biomass production does not compete with agriculture.

Issues on land use for agricultural purposes

  • Rapid soil quality deterioration
    is a global issue.
  • Only 11% of land on earth is arable

Use of land for algae production

  • Basically, algae can be cultivated anywhere,
    as long as there is water and light.
In Japan

NEDO Strategic Next Generation Biomass Energy Utilization Technology Development Project (2012-2016, with IHI et al.)

Malaysia (± 5° of the equator)

Facility owner: Sarawak Biodiversity Center

Arid area
Salt-damaged area

Our Future

Powered by the sun, algae utilize the process of photosynthesis to grow, while absorbing CO2

Did you know?
Many of the products we use in our everyday lives can be made using algae as raw material.
・Fuel for cars, airplanes, ships
・Plastic and synthetic fibers used for straws, utensils, smartphones, clothing, and buildings
・Protein, an important nutrient
・Feedstock for fish, chicken, pigs, and cows
・Dietary supplements
・Cosmetics and toiletries
・Pharmaceuticals

As you have seen, algae biomass is a better alternative to using finite fossil resources to produce various products. Algae play a crucial role in saving our planet, which is challenged by several environmental issues today. With algae, we can create a sustainable society, providing a better place to live for our future generations.
When algae becomes a major raw material used by humans, we will be liberated from the burdens of having to constantly take environmental countermeasures, and the world will become a more enriching place to live in.
Through MATSURI, we will make all these come true, with the power of algae.

Road map

MATSURI is expanding large-scale microalgae biomass production while developing new applications. We completed a 0.1-hectare facility in November 2018 and began operating a 5-hectare facility, CHITOSE Carbon Capture Central (C4), in April 2023. Currently, preparations are underway to open a 100-hectare facility, with plans to expand to 2,000 hectares by 2030 and 10 million hectares by 2050.

Collaborating Institutions

To develop evaluation criteria and industry standards, we will collaborate with the IMAT (Institute of Microalgal Technology, Japan). For the demonstration of large-scale outdoor mass cultivation, we will partner with the Sarawak Biodiversity Center and NEDO (New Energy and Industrial Technology Development Organization) under the Ministry of Economy, Trade and Industry to realize our objectives.

Outdoor Large-Scale Culture Demonstration Project by NEDO

Chitose Research Institute carried out a project of building the world’s largest outdoor 5 ha culture demonstration project, entrusted by NEDO to develop technologies for the production of bio-jet fuel from algae. Located in close proximity to the equator in the tropics with abundance of sunlight, we will be making effective use of PhotoBioReactor (PBR) technology and exhaust gas from an existing power plant for algae production. Through this project we will collaborate with the MATSURI project in the joint research, to make improvement of the economic efficiency along with advancement of future bio-jet fuel production.

(Exhibits below): Demonstration of the world's largest algae cultivation using PBR technology and thermal power plant exhaust gas

Institute of Microalgal Technology, Japan (IMAT)

The objective is to develop procedures and necessary requirements for a more systematic and efficient R&D production of microalgae.

A test bed will be constructed enabling the acquisition of standardized data to be obtained through various tests using standard methods on biomass productivity, economics, and environmental factors.

Relevant information will be shared for the discussion on the assumptions and boundary conditions essential for standardization. Recommendations to the industry and government entities will be made in collaboration with various algae-related projects including MATSURI.

(Exhibits below) Development of standards and regulations necessary for algae R&D and industrialization. Development of test beds that enable standard testing.​
  • Selection of algae species and establishment of culture system
  • 3 Types of Basic culture system / Standardization of culture and measurement conditions
  • Standardization of Climate Conditions
  • Implementation of various downstream processes / Standardization of Methods

PROJECTS

FEATURES

MESSAGES FROM THE FOUNDERS

Dr.Takanori Hoshino

Dr.Tomohiro Fujita

The “founders” here refers to the 2 passionate people who created MATSURI.

TOMOHIRO FUJITA Ph.D.

Founder and CEO, CHITOSE GROUPMember of the Bioeconomy Strategy Council, CABINET SECRETARIAT
Specially appointed Professor of Kyoto University
After graduating from the University of Tokyo (B.S. in Agriculture) and working for the consulting arm of Accenture Japan Ltd, founded the CHITOSE GROUP which has established and grown various businesses in the biotechnology field in Japan, Singapore, Malaysia and Brunei. He has also been leading the establishment of the global algae industry for over 10 years.

Leading the development of the algae industry for more than a decade, I realized the limitations of working as a single entity and devised a more holistic approach.

The key was to gain the involvement and commitment of multiple firms. We literally visited numerous companies, knocking on their doors to persuade the industry leaders to work together, negotiated with the government that “this is an initiative that should be tackled as a nation” and established an industry-wide project involving notable firms in Japan.

Thanks to the support from many of the people involved, we have been able to steadily grow this grand initiative. It can proudly be said that we are at the forefront of the world in this industry.

However, in creating this initiative, we have come to realize that there are three things missing in order to realize our grand goal of launching a full-fledged algae industry;

  • Creating a roadmap with clear objectives with organizations committed to implementing the initiative, rather than to just write a roadmap that consolidates the opinions of various firms.
  • Developing the industry structure on a large scale from the initial phase, rather than gradually expanding from, "High value-added products or focusing on cascade usage."
  • Gathering business members committed to "the development of the algae industry," rather than gathering only researchers to collaborate on research and development.

MATSURI was launched to rapidly promote these three things all at once.

Together with the member companies, we will launch the algae industry with determination and passion. As we take on the world's first major mission to "establish the algae industry" and spread our passion like an undulating wave among all industries, we expect more and more supporters to join the MATSURI project to become the catalyst in the rapid development of our vision.

We are confident of our success, and am looking forward to the upcoming festivities (=“MATSURI” in Japanese).

TAKANORI HOSHINO Ph.D.

Executive Officer, General Manager of Algae Utilization Group, Chitose LaboratoryAfter graduating from the University of Tokyo (B.S. in Bioenvironmental Engineering), the University of Arizona (M.S. Ph.D. in Agricultural and Biosystems Engineering) and being involved in the R&D of photobioreactors with the aim to mass produce microalgae biomass as a senior researcher at the University of Arizona, he joined Chitose Laboratory in 2015. He is currently leading the projects on mass production of microalgae and application development using microalgal biomass.

Around the year 1870, gasoline was discarded as industrial waste.

While success in oil mining led to a significant increase in crude oil production from only 2,000 barrels in 1859 to 4,215,000 barrels in 1869, the usage was limited only to light lamps.

However, the situation drastically changed with the invention and development of internal combustion engines. As the usage of internal combustion engines expanded, oil production and consumption were exponentially increased in the 1900s. In 1929, annual crude and refined oil production increased to about 1 billion barrels, or about 500,000 times that of 1859.

With these changes, Standard Oil thrived. This is said to be because they had taken full advantage of the rapid increase in demand by integrating and monopolizing from upstream to downstream, namely, the oil collection pipelines, railway (transport), and refinery. The company also developed more than 300 petroleum products, including Vaseline and chewing gum. In other words, what they had done were (1) develop various applications and markets, (2) reduce costs by integrating and monopolizing processes, and (3) secure profits by establishing barriers to entry for emerging competitors.

Take this idea and replace crude oil with microalgae. Currently, the annual production of microalgae is about 20,000 tons worldwide, and it is only used for supplements and cosmetics. Imagine what would happen if this primary production technology of microalgae, which is the most efficient in the history of humankind, is (1) taken to scale, (2) applications fit for mass consumption are developed and established, and (3) the supply chain established. Just imagine what the world would look like when all this comes true.

Whether you dismiss this as a delusion or step forward and engage in it with us – it’s up to you.

Join in the excitement. Join our Matsuri to create a spectacular future for all.